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Common 5 step process used in software engineering

​It is possible to point out a common 5 steps process that can be applied in software engineering: 1. Identifying a problem  An example of it, is what is the shortest way between two locations. 2. Plan. How this problem will be resolved. 3. Build. Implantation of the plan, 4. Testing. Testing is a process of finding issues with the solution, and understanding if it leads to correct results. 5. Improving the solution. Improvement can be done via finding a more optimal way of achieving the same result.

Engineering

​Engineering is a process of studying and designing solutions for specific case. Computer engineering is a process of study of computer technology. Software engineering is process of applying knowledge and data retrieved from computer engineering.

Making sense out of the raw data

​Since a person can not deal well with the raw data, computers can be used to transform raw data into to the information that a person can easily consume. For example a raw data can be transformed to a chart. A chart can be easily be understood by a person than the raw data.

Common data encoding formats

​Two of the common data encoding formats are binary and hexadecimal. Binary format are the numbers 0 and 1. In computer terms 0 means absence of a signal and 1 means presence of it. 0s and 1s can be grouped together to form a hexadecimal number. Hexadecimal number is another word for word sixteen.

Decoding data

​Decoding data is the process that is opposite to encoding data. If encoding data is a process of transforming information to the data that is easily can be be processed by a computer, then decoding the data, means taking that data and presenting it to a person. For example a computer will store a picture in a binary format, however for a person to make meaning out if it, this picture needs to be presented to such a person as a drawing and not as a set of numbers.

Encoding data

​Encoding data in a computer means to transfer the information that is easily can be undetectable by a human to be undetectable by a computer. For example when a person looks at the picture it makes sense for such a person, however a picture will not mean anything to a computer, that picture needs to be translated into format that a computer can take. Computer will take binary data, therefore that picture that we use to be understandable by a computer needs to be translated into binary format.

Data vs. information

​Data is the collection of facts. Information is interpretation of such facts. For example a phone number is just data when we look at it as a collection of numbers, however when we associate this phone number with a person it becomes the information.